@article {134,
	title = {Hiding in plain sight: another cryptic dainty frog from the highlands of Kenya (Anura: Pyxicephalidae: Cacosternum)},
	journal = {African Journal of Herpetology},
	volume = {57},
	number = {2},
	year = {2008},
	month = {Dec 2008},
	pages = {75-84},
	abstract = {A new species of dainty frog From the Kinangop Plateau in Kenya is described. It is geographically close to Cocosternum plimptoni, from which it is difficult to separate on morphology. It is significantly different from other East African species on molecular evidence. It can be distinguished from C plimptoni on the basis of an advertisement call consisting of notes with four pulses (double pulses in C. plimptoni). The dorsal pattern of the type series is quite different from the types of but the genus is known for its pattern polymorphism, and this difference may turn out to be Spurious after further work. The many populations of dainty frogs on the highlands of Kenya need to be identified using advertisement calls and Molecular evidence, to determine if there are yet other undescribed species present.},
	url = {<Go to ISI>://PREV200900220386},
	author = {Channing, Alan and Schmitz, Andreas}
}
@article {312,
	title = {A new giant species of Arthroleptis (Amphibia: Anura) from the forests of the Nguru Mountains, Tanzania},
	journal = {African Journal of Herpetology},
	volume = {57},
	number = {2},
	year = {2008},
	month = {Dec 2008},
	pages = {63-74},
	abstract = {Specimens of Arthroleptis attaining a body length of nearly 58 mm have been collected above 1790 m a.s.l. on the Nguru Mountains, part of the Eastern Arc mountain chain of Tanzania. In body size this material slightly surpasses the other giant Eastern Are high-altitude species A. tanneri and A. nikeae, and differs in the proportions of the foot, and patterning of the chin. The Nguru material is referred to a new species which qualifies as being critically endangered on account of its apparently limited geographical range. A clade including the three giant Arthroleptis species seems likely, showing parallels with several other isolated forest-dwelling Eastern Arc high-altitude anurans.},
	url = {<Go to ISI>://PREV200900220385file://localhost/Users/Breda/Desktop/export-id012093332.ris},
	author = {Poynton, J.C. and Menegon, Michele and Loader, Simon P.}
}
@article {230,
	title = {Prey composition of two syntopic Phrynobatrachus species in the swamp forest of Banco National Park, Ivory Coast},
	journal = {Salamandra},
	volume = {44},
	number = {3},
	year = {2008},
	month = {Aug 20 2008},
	pages = {177-186},
	abstract = {We studied the diet of two syntopic and morphologically very similar leaf litter frogs, Phrynobatrachus ghanensis and P phyllophilus, in Banco National Park, south-eastern Ivory Coast. We determined the prey composition of females of both species to understand the potential avoidance of competition for food. Insects dominated (> 80\%) the general diet of both species. We determined insect prey items down to the level of the order. At this level the diet of both species differed, however not significantly. Whereas P. ghanensis preyed mainly on hymenoptera(65.6\%, mostly ants); P phyllophilus mainly preyed on coleoptera (56.8\%). With respect to seasons these differences were even larger, although again not statistically significant. Hence, there seem to be some differences in the food preference of the two species. However, the large overlap in prey can be taken as a hint that competition for food does not play a major role between these two frogs. The slightly different diets are more likely the result of so far undetected differences in habitat preferences and / or activity patterns.},
	url = {<Go to ISI>://PREV200800605643},
	author = {Kouame, N{\textquoteright}Goran Germain and Tohe, Blayda and Assemian, N{\textquoteright}Guessan Emmanuel and Gourene, Germain and R{\"o}del, Mark-Oliver}
}
@article {2522,
	title = {Eastern Zimbabwe montane forest-grassland mosaic},
	journal = {Encyclopedia of Earth. National Council for Science and the Environment. Washington DC},
	number = {2012},
	year = {2008},
	month = {2012},
	url = {http://www.eoearth.org/article/Eastern_Zimbabwe_montane_forest-grassland_mosaic?topic=49597},
	author = {World Wildlife Fund and Hogan, C.M.}
}
@mastersthesis {656,
	title = {West African forest frogs: ecology, evolution, and conservation},
	year = {2008},
	month = {12/2008},
	pages = {182},
	school = {University of Amsterdam},
	type = {masters},
	isbn = {9789076894836},
	url = {http://dare.uva.nl/record/288431},
	author = {Hillers, A.P.}
}
@article {893,
	title = {Alytes maurus},
	journal = {IUCN 2010. IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. Version 2010.1},
	number = {16 June 2010},
	year = {2008},
	url = {www.iucnredlist.org},
	author = {D. Donaire-Barroso and A. Salvador and T. Slimani and E.H.E. Mouden and I. Mart{\'{\i}nez-Solano}
}
@article {406,
	title = {Cacosternum plimptoni: Geographic distribution (Ethiopia)},
	journal = {Herpetological Review},
	volume = {39},
	number = {2},
	year = {2008},
	pages = {233},
	author = {Zimkus, B.M.}
}
@article {409,
	title = {Distinguishing features of the sub-Saharan frog genera Arthroleptis and Phrynobatrachus: a short guide for field and museum-based researchers},
	journal = {Breviora},
	volume = {513},
	year = {2008},
	pages = {1-12},
	author = {Zimkus, B.M. and Blackburn, D.C.}
}
@article {1118,
	title = {Hyperolius nasicus},
	journal = {In: IUCN 2010. IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. Version 2010.2. <www.iucnredlist.org>},
	number = {Downloaded on 08 July 2010},
	year = {2008},
	author = {Schi{\o}tz, A.}
}
@article {896,
	title = {The importance of frogs to the livelihood of the Bakossi people around Mount Manengouba, Cameroon, with special consideration of the Hairy Frog, Trichobatrachus robustus},
	journal = {Salamandra},
	volume = {44},
	year = {2008},
	pages = {23-34},
	author = {Gonwouo, L.N. and R{\"o}del, Mark-Oliver}
}
@article {2629,
	title = {Kaokoveld Desert},
	journal = {Encyclopedia of Earth. Ed. M.Mcginley, National Council for Science and the Environment, Washington DC},
	year = {2008},
	url = {http://www.eoearth.org/article/Kaokoveld_desert?topic=49597},
	author = {World Wildlife Fund and Hogan, C.M.}
}
@article {1255,
	title = {Kassina cassinoides},
	journal = {In: IUCN 2010. IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. Version 2010.2. <http://www.iucnredlist.org>.},
	number = {Downloaded on 12 August 2010},
	year = {2008},
	author = {R{\"o}del, Mark-Oliver and Schi{\o}tz, A.}
}
@article {2527,
	title = {Morphological, mitochondrial DNA and allozyme evolution in representative amphibians and reptiles inhabiting each side of the Strait of Gibraltar},
	journal = {Biological Journal of the Linnean Society},
	volume = {94},
	year = {2008},
	pages = {445-461},
	keywords = {DNA, mitochondrial, morphology},
	author = {Busack, S.D. and Lawson, R.}
}
@article {995,
	title = {Nectophrynoides laticeps},
	journal = {In: IUCN 2010. IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. Version 2010.1. <www.iucnredlist.org>},
	number = {Downloaded on 25 June 2010},
	year = {2008},
	author = {Menegon, M. and Loader, S.}
}
@article {996,
	title = {Nectophrynoides paulae},
	journal = {In: IUCN 2010. IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. Version 2010.1. <www.iucnredlist.org>},
	number = {Downloaded on 28 June 2010},
	year = {2008},
	author = {Menegon, M. and Loader, S.}
}
@article {2257,
	title = {A new giant species of Arthroleptis (Amphibia: Anura: Arthroleptidae) from the Krokosua Hills Forest Reserve, south-western Ghana.},
	journal = {Zootaxa},
	volume = {1697},
	year = {2008},
	pages = {58-68},
	author = {R. Ernst and Agyei, A. C, and Rodel, M.-O.}
}
@article {211,
	title = {A new species of Phrynobatrachus (Amphibia: Anura: Phrynobatrachidae) from north-western Guinea, West Africa.},
	journal = {Zootaxa},
	volume = {1815},
	year = {2008},
	pages = {43-50},
	author = {Hillers, A. and Zimkus, B.M. and R{\"o}del, Mark-Oliver}
}
@article {1019,
	title = {Phrynobatrachus breviceps},
	journal = {In: IUCN 2010. IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. Version 2010.1. <www.iucnredlist.org>},
	number = {Downloaded on 28 June 2010},
	year = {2008},
	author = {Pickersgill, M.}
}
@article {1079,
	title = {Phrynobatrachus leveleve},
	journal = {In: IUCN 2010. IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. Version 2010.2. <www.iucnredlist.org>},
	number = {Downloaded on 01 July 2010},
	year = {2008},
	author = {R. Drewes}
}
@article {1037,
	title = {Phrynobatrachus pallidus},
	journal = {In: IUCN 2010. IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. Version 2010.1. <www.iucnredlist.org>},
	number = {Downloaded on 30 June 2010},
	year = {2008},
	author = {Pickersgill, M.}
}
@article {1048,
	title = {Phrynobatrachus scheffleri},
	journal = {In: IUCN 2010. IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. Version 2010.1. <www.iucnredlist.org>},
	number = {Downloaded on 30 June 2010},
	year = {2008},
	author = {Stuart, S.N. and N.A. Cox}
}
@article {1055,
	title = {Phrynobatrachus ungujae},
	journal = {In: IUCN 2010. IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. Version 2010.1. <www.iucnredlist.org>},
	number = {Downloaded on 30 June 2010},
	year = {2008},
	author = {Pickersgill, M.}
}
@article {2512,
	title = {Zambezian flooded grasslands},
	journal = {Encyclopedia of Earth},
	volume = {2012},
	year = {2008},
	publisher = {National Council for Science and the Environment, Washington DC},
	edition = {Revised 2012},
	url = {http://www.eoearth.org/article/Zambezian_flooded_grasslands?topic=49597},
	author = {World Wildlife Fund and Hogan, C.M.}
}
@article {407,
	title = {Phrynobatrachus bullans: Geographic distribution (Tanzania, Kenya, and Ethiopia).},
	journal = {Herpetological Review},
	volume = {39},
	number = {2},
	year = {2008},
	pages = {235},
	author = {Zimkus, Breda M.}
}
@article {120,
	title = {The mud dwelling tadpole of the Long-toed Tree Frog, Leptopelis xenodactylus (Arthroleptidae)},
	journal = {Herpetological Review},
	volume = {39},
	number = {3},
	year = {2008},
	month = {Sep 2008},
	pages = {288-290},
	url = {<Go to ISI>://PREV200800639291},
	author = {Channing, Alan}
}
@article {91,
	title = {A new species of Cardioglossa (Anura : Arthroleptidae) from the Upper Guinean forests of West Africa},
	journal = {Copeia},
	number = {3},
	year = {2008},
	month = {Sep 10 2008},
	pages = {603-612},
	abstract = {We describe a new frog species of the genus Cardioglosso from the Upper Guinean forests of West Africa. Cardioglosso occidentalis, new species, is found in primary rainforests in Ghana, Ivory Coast, Guinea, Liberia, and Sierra Leone. We demonstrate that this species is morphologically and genetically distinct from C. leucomystax, the species to which these populations were previously assigned. Cardioglossa occidentalis differs from similar congeners by the following combination of markings: fusion or near fusion of all three dorsal lobes (cephalic, scapular, and lumbar); prominent white line extending anteriorly from arm terminates ventral to eye; dark mask extending posteriorly from eye continues unbroken beyond posterior border of scapular lobe; lateral body covered in very few, large dark spots rimmed with thin white. Cordioglosso occidentalis appears related to C. leucomystax, C. melanoguster, and C. schioetzi. This description brings the number of Cardioglossa species to 16.},
	url = {<Go to ISI>://PREV200800591183},
	author = {Blackburn, David C. and Kosuch, Joachim and Schmitz, Andreas and Burger, Marius and Wagners, Philipp and Gonwouo, L. Nono and Hillers, Annika and R{\"o}del, Mark-Oliver}
}
@article {87,
	title = {A new species of Cardioglossa (Amphibia: Anura: Arthroleptidae) endemic to Mount Manengouba in the Republic of Cameroon, with an analysis of morphological diversity in the genus},
	journal = {Zoological Journal of the Linnean Society},
	volume = {154},
	number = {3},
	year = {2008},
	month = {Nov 2008},
	pages = {611-630},
	abstract = {A new frog species of the genus Cardioglossa, that is probably restricted to less than 10 km(2) of gallery forest near the summit of Mount Manengouba in the Republic of Cameroon, is described. Unlike all other Cardioglossa, in life the coloration of the new species is typically brownish red, with no dorsal markings, but with a pair of thin, golden white lines that extend posteriorly from the tip of the rostrum and terminate just above and behind the tympanum. This new species is morphologically similar to C. oreas, another high-altitude species endemic to the Cameroonian mountains: both have small tympana and lack the hypertrophied third manual digit typical of males of other Cardioglossa. The tadpole of the new species is similar to that of C. occidentalis, the only other Cardioglossa for which the tadpole is fully described, but differs in having a broad anterolaterally projecting supraoral labium, lacking ventral pigmentation, and having a relatively longer spiracular tube. Several features of tadpole morphology are convergent with the unusual fossorial tadpole of the microhylid Otophryne and suggest a similar convergence in ecology. Principal components analysis of morphometric data, followed by discriminant function analysis, was used to explore patterns of morphological similarity within Cardioglossa. These analyses provide support for five species groups: (1) C. aureoli (distinct from other Cardioglossa); (2) C. escalerae, C. gratiosa and C. nigromaculata; (3) C. gracilis, C. melanogaster and C. schioetzi; (4) C. sp. nov. and C. oreas; and (5) C. cyaneospila, C. pulchra, C. venusta and C. trifasciata. The inclusion of C. cyaneospila in the last group supports previous suggestions of past biotic connections between the Albertine Rift mountains and those of the Cameroon Volcanic Line. The description of this new species further emphasizes Mt Manengouba as a centre of anuran endemism within the Cameroonian mountains and reaffirms the importance of this ecoregion within sub-Saharan Africa. (C) 2008 The Linnean Society of London, Zoological Journal of the Linnean Society, 2008, 154, 611-630.},
	url = {<Go to ISI>://PREV200800706548},
	author = {Blackburn, David C.}
}
@article {208,
	title = {A preliminary assessment of the amphibians of the Fouta Djallon, Guinea, West Africa},
	journal = {Salamandra},
	volume = {44},
	number = {2},
	year = {2008},
	month = {May 20 2008},
	pages = {113-122},
	abstract = {We report oil the amphibians of three sites in the Fouta Djallon highlands in central-northern Guinea. During Our Survey we recorded at least 25 frog species, including two first country records (Kassina fusca and Leptopelis bufonides) and one species new to science (Conraua sp.). Most of the recorded frogs were typical savanna or farmbush species with a distribution range that exceeds West Africa. Only a few species were more closely connected to forest habitats. For several species our records in the Fouta Djallon represent large range extensions. Despite the generally high degradation level of forests in the Fouta Djallon, the investigated sites all still harboured typical forest frogs and thus may represent last islands of forest in a nowadays savanna dominated landscape. All sites therefore have a high potential for conservation, especially the forest surrounding the Saala Waterfalls.},
	url = {<Go to ISI>://PREV200800490538},
	author = {Hillers, Annika and Loua, Nema-Soua and R{\"o}del, Mark-Oliver}
}
@article {192,
	title = {Amphibian chytrid fungus infections in Hyperolius (Anura : Hyperoliidae) from eastern Democratic Republic of Congo},
	journal = {Herpetological Review},
	volume = {39},
	number = {1},
	year = {2008},
	month = {Mar 2008},
	pages = {70-73},
	url = {<Go to ISI>://PREV200800402541},
	author = {Greenbaum, Eli and Kusamba, Chifundera and Aristote, Mwenebatu M. and Reed, Kurt D.}
}
@article {89,
	title = {[TITLE BLANK]},
	journal = {Herpetological Review},
	volume = {39},
	number = {2},
	year = {2008},
	month = {Jun 2008},
	pages = {208-209},
	url = {<Go to ISI>://PREV201000032046},
	author = {Blackburn, David C. and Droissart, Vincent}
}
@article {210,
	title = {Effects of forest fragmentation and habitat degradation on west African leaf-litter frogs},
	journal = {Conservation Biology},
	volume = {22},
	number = {3},
	year = {2008},
	month = {Jun 2008},
	pages = {762-772},
	abstract = {Habitat degradation alters the dynamics and composition of anuran assemblages in tropical forests. The effects of forest fragmentation on the composition of anuran assemblages are so far poorly known. We studied the joint influence of forest fragmentation and degradation on leaf-litter frogs. We specifically asked whether the processes structuring leaf-litter anuran assemblages in fragmented forests are the same as those in continuous forests. We analyzed anuran assemblages with respect to habitat characteristics, including fragmentation and degradation parameters. In comparison with continuous forests, species richness and diversity were lower and assemblage composition was altered in forest fragments. These changes seemed to be mainly caused by habitat degradation rather than forest fragmentation. Availability of aquatic sites for breeding, vegetation structure (including those variables indicating degradation), and leaf-litter cover bad the most influence on the presence of single species. The comparatively small impact of fragmentation on anurans might be due to the location of the study area; it still possessed large tracts of continuous forest. These forest blocks may stabilize the regional rainforest climate and thus weaken the effects of fragmentation.},
	url = {<Go to ISI>://PREV200800447588},
	author = {Hillers, Annika and Veith, Michael and R{\"o}del, Mark-Oliver}
}
@article {375,
	title = {A new species of Arthroleptella Hewitt, 1926 (Anura: Pyxicephalidae) from the Klein Swartberg Mountain, Caledon, South Africa},
	journal = {African Journal of Herpetology},
	volume = {57},
	number = {1},
	year = {2008},
	month = {Jun 2008},
	pages = {1-12},
	abstract = {A new species of moss frog (genus Arthroleptella) is described from the Klein Swartberg Mountain near Caledon in the Western Cape Province, South Africa to which it is confined. This allopatric species is distinguished from other Arthroleptella species by the large number of very distinct glandular protuberances on the dorsal surfaces, unique calls and by molecular differences. It is the sister species of A. villiersi and A. lightfooti.},
	url = {<Go to ISI>://PREV200800539327},
	author = {Turner, Andrew A. and Channing, Alan}
}
@article {439,
	title = {Review of African genera Arthroleptis Smith, 1849 and Phrynobatrachus Gunther, 1862 (Amphibia, Anura)},
	journal = {Alytes (Paris)},
	volume = {25},
	number = {3-4},
	year = {2008},
	note = {ArticleFrench},
	month = {Jul 2008},
	pages = {99-172},
	abstract = {<p>For a long time, and although the two genera are not closely allied, generic allocation of the species of the genera Arthroleptis (Anura, Brevicipitidae, Arthroleptinae) and Phrynobatrachus (Anura, Ranidae, Phrynobatrachinae) was found difficult by zoologists. However, LAURENT (1941) had pointed to criteria allowing this allocation, bearing on the webbing of toes, the metatarsal and tarsal tubercles. The genus Arthroleptis is characterized by the absence of web between toes, of outer metatarsal tubercle and tarsal tubercle, but presence of an inner metatarsal tubercle. The genus Phrynobatrachus is characterized by the presence of web between toes, of an inner metatarsal and an outer metatarsal tubercles, and a tarsal tubercle. A review of all species of these two genera allows to confirm the validity of these criteria. This gives an opportunity to provide, for each species of both genera, a chronological list of synonyms and variant spellings. The status of a few species is discussed: (1) Phrynobatrachus ogoensis and Phrynobatrachus brongersmai are considered two different species; (2) Phrynobatrachus latifrons and Phrynobatrachus accraensis are synonyms, and the former name has priority; (3) the taxon sternfeldi must be placed in the genus Phrynobatrachus as Phrynobatrachus sternfeldi (Ahl, 1924); (4) the taxon nlonakoensis must be placed in the genus Arthroleptis as Arthroleptis nlonakoensis (Plath, Herrmann \&amp; Bohme, 2006). This paper provides a checklist of all described species of the two genera, a table recapitulating all valid and invalid specific names, and a checklist of occurrence of species by countries.</p>
},
	url = {<Go to ISI>://PREV200800631513},
	author = {Fretey, Thierry}
}
@article {185,
	title = {The importance of frogs to the livelihood of the Bakossi people around Mount Manengouba, Cameroon, with special consideration of the Hairy Frog, Trichobatrachus robustus},
	journal = {Salamandra},
	volume = {44},
	number = {1},
	year = {2008},
	month = {Feb 20 2008},
	pages = {23-34},
	abstract = {Amphibians are harvested for various purposes around Mount Manengouba including food, international pet trade and cultural reasons. At least seven frog species are regularly collected and consumed: Conraua crassipes, C. goliath, C. robusta, Trichobatrachus robustus, Astylosternus spp., Xenopus amieti, Kassina decorata. Over-exploitation of C. robusta for food and T robustus for the international pet trade, in addition to the harvest of tadpoles for human consumption, is currently increasing and expected to have negative effects on wild populations. The males of the Hairy Frog, T robustus, locally known as "Ebod" are viewed upon by locals as being mystical. It is believed that these frogs fall from the sky, and that childless human couples can turn fertile after having eaten this frog. All interviewed locals declared to have once eaten a frog, while only 70\% of them knew about the cultural significance of the Hairy Frog. Collection of any frog species is undertaken all year round but peaks in the dry seasons (both for food and pet trade). Prices for two large or three medium-sized individuals of C. robusta are US$ 2 at the local food markets, while pairs of the Hairy Frogs are sold for US$ 8 to the international pet trade. We discuss the need to set up plans for the sustainable harvest to maintain viable populations of these species in the region.},
	url = {<Go to ISI>://PREV200800297431},
	author = {Gonwouo, Legrand N. and R{\"o}del, Mark-Oliver}
}
@article {2532,
	title = {North Saharan steppe and woodlands},
	journal = {Encyclopedia of Earth. National Council for Science and the Environment. Washington DC},
	year = {2008},
	month = {Dec. 2012},
	keywords = {ecoregion, steppe},
	url = {http://www.eoearth.org/article/North_Saharan_steppe_and_woodlands?topic=49597},
	author = {World Wildlife Fund and Hogan, C.M.},
	editor = {M.McGinley}
}
@article {86,
	title = {Biogeography and evolution of body size and life history of African frogs: phylogeny of squeakers (Arthroleptis) and long-fingered frogs (Cardioglossa) estimated from mitochondrial data},
	journal = {Molecular Phylogenetics and Evolution},
	volume = {49},
	number = {3},
	year = {2008},
	month = {Dec 2008},
	pages = {806-826},
	abstract = {The evolutionary history of living African amphibians remains poorly understood. This study estimates the phylogeny within the frog genera Arthroleptis and Cardioglossa using approximately 2400 bases of mtDNA sequence data (12S, tRNA-Valine, and 16S genes) from half of the described species. Analyses are conducted using parsimony, maximum likelihood, and Bayesian methods. The effect of alignment on phylogeny estimation is explored by separately analyzing alignments generated with different gap costs and a consensus alignment. The consensus alignment results in species paraphyly, low nodal support, and incongruence with the results based on other alignments, which produced largely similar results. Most nodes in the phylogeny are highly supported, yet several topologies are inconsistent with previous hypotheses. The monophyly of Cardioglossa and of miniature species previously assigned to Schoutedenella was further examined using Templeton and Shimodaira-Hasegawa tests. Cardioglossa monophyly is rejected and C. aureoli is transferred to Arthroleptis. These tests do not reject Schoutedenella monophyly, but this hypothesis receives no support from non-parametric bootstrapping or Bayesian posterior probabilities. This phylogeny provides a framework for reconstructing historical biogeography and analyzing the evolution of body size and life history. Direct development and miniaturization appear at the base of Arthroleptis phylogeny concomitant with a range expansion from Central Africa to throughout most of sub-Saharan Africa. (C) 2008 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.},
	url = {<Go to ISI>://PREV200900118906},
	author = {Blackburn, David C.}
}
