@article {378, title = {Amphibian sperm: Phylogeny and fertilization environment}, journal = {Memoires du Museum National d{\textquoteright}Histoire Naturelle}, volume = {166}, year = {1995}, month = {1995}, pages = {333-342}, abstract = {Sperm characteristics such as the structure and position of the acrosome, the design and ultrastructure of the flagellum, the presence/absence of a neck-piece and several other fine structural details are important diagnostic features which distinguish the three orders, families and species of lissamphibians. These sperm features are also important in phylogenetic inferences. It appears that the axoneme-undulating membrane-axial rod represents a plesiomorphic character. This pattern has been simplified to a single axoneme as a secondary reversal for external fertilization in many anurans or has developed as a double axoneme as in Chiromantis xerampelina. Sperm head and acrosome length are predictive in distinguishing between terrestrial and aquatic anuran fertilizers. Sperm motility is species specific among representatives of seven of the nine South African families and motile sperm which exhibit forward progression are the rule for aquatic fertilizing anurans. In contrast, the sperm of terrestrial fertilizing anurans are immotile in a wide range of physiological/culture media with osmotic concentrations varying from 10 to 300 mOsm/kg. The term ect-terrasperm is suggested as a new terminology for amphibians which exhibit the terrestrial mode of fertilization.}, url = {://PREV199698744907}, author = {Van Der Horst, Gerhard and Wilson, Brian and Channing, Alan} } @article {204, title = {Genetic variation between two subspecies of reedfrogs in the genus Hyperolius (Anura: Hyperoliidae)}, journal = {Madoqua}, volume = {19}, number = {1}, year = {1995}, month = {1995}, pages = {33-36}, abstract = {Two subspecies of reedfrogs Hyperolius marmoratus broadleyi (eastern Zimbabwe) and Hyperolius marmoratus verrucosus (Tsitsikama area - Knysna) were analyzed for variation in nuclear ribosomal DNA by mapping restriction endonuclease sites. Ribosomal DNA analysis showed that H. m. broadleyi and H. m. verrucosus differ substantially at certain restriction sites in their nuclear ribosomal DNA and the genetic data suggests specific status for these taxa.}, url = {://PREV199699051575}, author = {Hess, Anthony and Channing, Alan and Hendricks, Denver} } @article {326, title = {Habitat, activity, and food of Phrynobatrachus francisci in Comoe National Park, Ivory Coast, at the end of the dry season}, journal = {Salamandra}, volume = {31}, number = {2}, year = {1995}, month = {1995}, pages = {79-92}, abstract = {

In Comoe National Park the savanna inhabiting frog Phrynobatrachus francisci (BOULENGER, 1912) changes its habitats during the dry season. While living at ponds in the wet season, it can be traced only at the border of the river in the dry season. There it is only active during nighttime and within a few centimeters from open water. Habitat selection and activity time seem to be results of higher humidity. Analysis of excrements and dissected frogs as well as selected food choise experiments indicate that P. francisci is an opportunistic feeder. Although females have fully developed eggs, at the end of the dry season, reproduction did not occur in the remaining water bodies of river Comoe.

}, url = {://PREV199598544167}, author = {R{\"o}del, Mark-Oliver} } @article {349, title = {Hemisus marmoratus (Peters, 1854) (Anura: Hemisotidae): Reproduction strategies of a savanna frog}, journal = {Bonner Zoologische Beitraege}, volume = {45}, number = {3-4}, year = {1995}, month = {1995}, pages = {191-207}, abstract = {

Hemisus marmoratus uses a breeding chamber for eggs and early tadpole stages. As some nests are even made before the beginning of the rainy season, Hemisus-tadpoles are the first tadpoles arriving in the temporary ponds. Thus they have a developmental advantage to tadpoles of other species and to predators. The time tadpoles spend in their nest is variable. So they may be able to react on the not forseeable rainfalls of their savanna habitat. Despite the channel theory of Wager (1986) our observations speak for additional strategies of the tadpoles reaching water. These may be transport by the mother, sliding on wet soil down to water or floating of the breeding chambers. The use of a certain strategy may depend on habitat structure. Beside these reproductive observations we give further data on activity, food and larval development.

}, url = {://PREV199698560566}, author = {R{\"o}del, Mark-Oliver and Spieler, Marko and Grabow, Karsten and Boeckheler, Christoph} } @article {1369, title = {The advertisement call and other aspects of the reproductive biology of Breviceps adspersus Peters (Anura, Microhylidae)}, journal = {Madoqua}, volume = {19}, year = {1995}, pages = {37-44}, author = {L.R. Minter} } @article {1504, title = {Distribution and diversity of amphibians in the Free State, South Africa}, journal = {Madoqua}, volume = {19}, year = {1995}, pages = {3-14}, author = {Bates, M.F.} } @article {2420, title = {A new species of Xenopus (Anura: Pipidae) from the highlands of Ethiopia.}, journal = {Amphibia-Reptilia}, volume = {16}, year = {1995}, pages = {375-388}, author = {Tinsley, R.C.} } @article {1412, title = {A new toad from paradise}, journal = {Madoqua}, year = {1995}, pages = {15-23}, author = {Branch, W.R. and H.H. Braack} } @article {325, title = {Phrynobatrachus francisci in Como{\'e}-Nationalpark Elfenbeink{\"u}ste: lebensr{\"a}ume, aktivit{\"a}t und nahrung in der ausgehenden trockenzeit}, journal = {Salamandra}, volume = {31}, number = {2}, year = {1995}, pages = {79-92}, abstract = {

In Comoe National Park the savanna inhabiting frog Phrynobatrachus francisci (BOULENGER, 1912) changes its habitats during the dry season. While living at ponds in the wet season, it can be traced only at the border of the river in the dry season. There it is only active during nighttime and within a few centimeters from open water. Habitat selection and activity time seem to be results of higher humidity. Analysis of excrements and dissected frogs as well as selected food choise experiments indicate that P. francisci is an opportunistic feeder. Although females have fully developed eggs, at the end of the dry season, reproduction did not occur in the remaining water bodies of river Comoe.

}, author = {R{\"o}del, Mark-Oliver} } @book {300, title = {South African Frogs: A Complete Guide}, year = {1995}, publisher = {Southern Book Publishers and Witwatersrand University Press}, organization = {Southern Book Publishers and Witwatersrand University Press}, address = {Cape Town, South Africa}, keywords = {Petropedetidae, Phrynobatrachus}, author = {Passmore, N. I. and V.C. Carruthers} } @book {1310, title = {South African Frogs: A Complete Guide}, year = {1995}, publisher = {Southern Book Publishers and University of the Witwatersrand Press}, organization = {Southern Book Publishers and University of the Witwatersrand Press}, edition = {2nd}, address = {Johannesburg}, author = {Passmore, N. I. and V.C. Carruthers} } @article {282, title = {Inferring phylogenies from mtDNA variation: Mitochondrial-gene trees versus nuclear-gene trees.}, journal = {Evolution}, volume = {49}, year = {1995}, pages = {718-726}, author = {Moore, W.S.} } @article {190, title = {A new taxon of Bufonidae from Peru, with descriptions of two new species and a review of the phylogenetic status of supraspecific bufonid taxa}, journal = {Herpetologica}, volume = {51}, number = {2}, year = {1995}, pages = {105-131}, keywords = {Nectophrynoides}, author = {Graybeal, A. and D.C. Cannatella} }