@article {1517,
	title = {A molecular phylogeny of moss frogs with the description of a new species.},
	journal = {Journal of Herpetology},
	year = {2000},
	pages = {375-379},
	author = {Dawood, A. and Channing, A.}
}
@article {1523,
	title = {Sympatry and hybridization between the clawed frogs Xenopus laevis laevis and Xenopus muelleri (Pipidae).},
	journal = {Journal of Zoology, London},
	year = {2000},
	pages = {99-107},
	author = {Fischer, W.J. and Koch, W.A. and Elepfandt, A.}
}
@article {987,
	title = {Un nouveau Leptodactylodon de la Dorsale camerounaise (Amphibia, Anura)},
	journal = {Alytes},
	volume = {18},
	year = {2000},
	pages = {1-14},
	author = {J.-L. Amiet and Dowsett-Lemaire, F.}
}
@mastersthesis {1510,
	title = {Wildlife of Robben Island. Bright Continent Guide 1.},
	year = {2000},
	school = {University of Cape Town},
	type = {masters},
	address = {Rondebosch}
}
@article {112,
	title = {Age individuel, longevite et dynamique de croisance osseuse chez un amphibien vivipare, Nectophrynoides occidentalis (Anoure, Bufonide)},
	journal = {Annales de Sciences Naturelles},
	volume = {21},
	number = {1},
	year = {2000},
	pages = {11-17},
	keywords = {Nectophrynoides},
	author = {Castanet, J. and S. Pinto and M. Loth and M. Lamotte}
}
@article {251,
	title = {Another new species of Ptychadena Boulenger 1917 from Ethiopia (Amphibia Anura Ranidae)},
	journal = {Tropical Zoology},
	volume = {13},
	number = {1},
	year = {2000},
	note = {Using Smart Source ParsingMay},
	pages = {171-178},
	abstract = {Ptychadena wadei n. sp. is described from grassland at moderate elevation, south of Lake Tana in Ethiopia. The new taxon is distinguished from all NE African congeners with comparably restricted webbing by its small size, compact body from, the arrangement of skin folds on the back and details of colour pattern, particularly on the hindlimbs. It remains unknown whether P. wadei is a montane endemic, with a type locality perhaps near the lower limit of its altitudinal range, or a more widespread savanna form that has succeeded in penetrating the foothills of the Ethiopian plateau. Lake Tana and the surrounding mountains are a part of the country much in need of further herpetological study.},
	author = {Largen, Malcolm J.}
}
@article {389,
	title = {Molecular and karyological data on the South Asian genera Indirana, Nyctibatrachus and Nanophrys (Anura: Ranidae)},
	journal = {Hamadryad},
	volume = {25},
	number = {2},
	year = {2000},
	pages = {75-82},
	url = {file://localhost/Users/breda/Desktop/Literature/Need\%20to\%20Enter\%20into\%20Endnote/Vences\%20et\%20al\%202000.pdf},
	author = {Vences, Miguel and S. Wanke and G. Odierna and J. Kosuch and Veith, Michael}
}
@article {320,
	title = {Phylogenetic relationships within the Madagascan boophids and mantellids as elucidated by mitochondrial ribosomal genes},
	journal = {African Journal of Herptology},
	volume = {49},
	number = {1},
	year = {2000},
	pages = {23-32},
	keywords = {Boophis, Madagascar, Mantella, Mantidactylus},
	author = {Richards, C.M. and Nussbaum, Ronald A. and C.J. Raxworthy}
}
@mastersthesis {1445,
	title = {The ethology and systematics of eastern and southern Africa savanna Afrixalus (Anura: Hyperoliidae)},
	year = {2000},
	month = {Unpublished},
	school = {University of Leeds School of Biology},
	type = {mastersM.Sc},
	address = {Leeds},
	author = {Pickersgill, M.}
}
@article {401,
	title = {Biogeography and evolutionary history of Hyperolius species: Application of molecular phylogeny},
	journal = {Journal of Biogeography},
	volume = {27},
	number = {5},
	year = {2000},
	month = {September, 2000},
	pages = {1231-1243},
	abstract = {Aim We propose a phylogeny of selected Hyperolius species (Anura: Hyperoliidae), based on mtDNA sequence data and parsimony analysis. This phylogeny was used to interpret the historical biogeography of the genus in Africa. Location Samples were collected throughout the distribution of Hyperolius in Africa. Methods We compiled distributional maps of all species, summarized historical changes in vegetation and climate in Africa since the late Cretaceous, and used these in combination to identify historical factors that may have contributed to speciation in these frogs. A phylogeny for Hyperolius was derived from mtDNA sequence data and interpreted in terms of climatic and vegetation changes in Africa. Main conclusions Lowland rainforest is proposed to have been the ancestral habitat of Hyperolius. The expansion of savannah and reduction of lowland rainforest were identified as important factors in the differentiation of the more basal species. Finally, the development of the Rift Valley system played an important role in the speciation of derived species with relatively limited distributions.},
	url = {<Go to ISI>://PREV200100116251},
	author = {Wieczorek, Ania M. and Drewes, R. C. and Channing, Alan}
}
@article {145,
	title = {A molecular phylogeny of moss frogs from the Western Cape, South Africa, with a description of a new species},
	journal = {Journal of Herpetology},
	volume = {34},
	number = {3},
	year = {2000},
	month = {September},
	pages = {375-379},
	abstract = {Moss frogs of the genus Arthroleptella from the mountains of the Western Cape, South Africa are morphologically identical, and were once placed in a single species. Previous fieldwork on these cryptic animals inhabiting seepage areas has shown the presence of allopatric populations on isolated mountains. We present a molecular phylogeny and describe a new species that is sympatric with Arthroleptella villiersi. It has a unique advertisement call, and the skin is smoother, with nostrils placed slightly wider than the other species.},
	author = {Dawood, Abeda and Channing, Alan}
}
@article {100,
	title = {Convergent adaptive radiations in Madagascan and Asian ranid frogs reveal covariation between larval and adult traits},
	journal = {Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America},
	volume = {97},
	number = {12},
	year = {2000},
	month = {June 6},
	pages = {6585-6590},
	abstract = {Recent studies have reported that independent adaptive radiations can lead to identical ecomorphs. Our phylogenetic analyses of nuclear and mitochondrial DNA sequences here indicate that a major radiation of ranid frogs on Madagascar produced morphological, physiological, and developmental characters that are remarkably similar to those that independently evolved on the Indian subcontinent. We demonstrate further that, in several cases, adult and larval stages each evolved sets of characters which are not only convergent between independent lineages, but also allowed both developmental stages to invade the same adaptive zone. It is likely that such covariations are produced by similar selective pressures on independent larval and adult characters rather than by genetic or functional linkage. We briefly discuss why larval/adult covariations might constitute an important evolutionary phenomenon in species for which more than one developmental stage potentially has access to multiple environmental conditions.},
	url = {file://localhost/Users/breda/Desktop/Literature/B/Bossuyt\%20and\%20Milinkovitch\%202000.pdf},
	author = {Bossuyt, Franky and Milinkovitch, Michel C.}
}
@article {153,
	title = {A new species of giant, montane Phrynobatrachus (Anura: Ranidae) from the central mountains of Kenya},
	journal = {Proceedings of the California Academy of Sciences},
	volume = {52},
	number = {5},
	year = {2000},
	month = {July 26},
	pages = {55-64},
	author = {Drewes, R. C. and Perret, J.-L.}
}
@article {302,
	title = {Mitochondrial genome organization and vertebrate phylogenetics},
	journal = {Genetics \& Molecular Biology},
	volume = {23},
	number = {4},
	year = {2000},
	month = {December},
	pages = {745-752},
	abstract = {With the advent of DNA sequencing techniques the organization of the vertebrate mitochondrial genome shows variation between higher taxonomic levels. The most conserved gene order is found in placental mammals, turtles, fishes, some lizards and Xenopus. Birds, other species of lizards, crocodilians, marsupial mammals, snakes, tuatara, lamprey, and some other amphibians and one species of fish have gene orders that are less conserved. The most probable mechanism for new gene rearrangements seems to be tandem duplication and multiple deletion events, always associated with tRNA sequences. Some new rearrangements seem to be typical of monophyletic groups and the use of data from these groups may be useful for answering phylogenetic questions involving vertebrate higher taxonomic levels. Other features such as the secondary structure of tRNA, and the start and stop codons of protein-coding genes may also be useful in comparisons of vertebrate mitochondrial genomes.},
	url = {file://localhost/Users/breda/Desktop/Documents/Literature/P/Pereira.pdf},
	author = {Pereira, Sergio Luiz}
}
@article {215,
	title = {A review of colour and pattern polymorphisms in anurans},
	journal = {Biological Journal of the Linnean Society},
	volume = {70},
	number = {4},
	year = {2000},
	month = {August},
	pages = {633-665},
	abstract = {Species that exhibit polymorphism, the simultaneous occurrence of two or more discrete, genetically-based phenotypes in a population, are ideal for studying the microevolutionary forces that maintain genetic variation in nature. Many anuran species exhibit striking colour or dorsal pattern polymorphisms, and so provide an excellent system in which to study questions pertaining to the evolution and maintenance of polymorphisms. Despite the wide occurrence of pattern or colour polymorphisms in anurans (current records cite at least 225 species representing 35 genera and 11 families) surprisingly little conclusive work has been done on the inheritance and selective maintenance of this variation. The mode of inheritance has been investigated in 26 species, but conclusively demonstrated in only two. Forty-six species have been described as undergoing ontogenetic change, and 32 species have been described as sexually dimorphic. That anuran polymorphisms are under some sort of selection has been inferred from the large number of polymorphic species, from putative cases of apparent convergent evolution and the existence of identical polymorphisms in closely related species, from cyclical fluctuations in morph frequencies, and from a few observations of non-random survival during bouts of stress. The selective mechanisms maintaining these polymorphisms have been investigated in only 19 species. Most studies looked for physiological traits correlated with the polymorphism, rather than studying the most obvious mechanism, selective predation on colour/pattern itself. Thus, anuran polymorphisms remain a rich but largely unexploited system for studying the evolution of phenotypic variation in nature.},
	url = {file://localhost/Users/breda/Desktop/Literature/H/Hoffman_Blouin2000.pdf},
	author = {Hoffman, Eric A. and Blouin, Michael S.}
}
@article {403,
	title = {Character assessment, genus level boundaries, and phylogenetic analyses of the family Rhacophoridae: a review and present day status},
	journal = {Contemporary Herpetology},
	volume = {2},
	year = {2000},
	month = {7 April 2000},
	author = {Wilkinson, Jeffery A.}
}
@article {346,
	title = {Preliminary list of the snakes of the Tai National Park/Ivory Coast and adjacent areas},
	journal = {Salamandra},
	volume = {36},
	number = {1},
	year = {2000},
	month = {31 Marz, 2000},
	pages = {25-38},
	abstract = {We report on the faunistics, with additional biological data, of the snake fauna of the Tai National Park (TNP). 39 snake species are now known from TNP, 22 of them were found in the primary rain forest, and 17 occurred in more open habitats or at the forest border. 15 species were arboreal, 19 were epigeic, and five subterranean. We suppose that approximately two thirds of the snake fauna expected for this West African rain forest has been found.},
	url = {<Go to ISI>://PREV200100331456},
	author = {R{\"o}del, Mark-Oliver and Mahsberg, Dieter}
}
@article {339,
	title = {Death-feigning in some West African frogs},
	journal = {Salamandra},
	volume = {36},
	number = {2},
	year = {2000},
	month = {30 Juni, 2000},
	pages = {125-130},
	abstract = {<p>We report on death-feigning behaviour in Chiromantis rufescens, Kassina lamottei, K. cochranae, Leptopelis hyloides, L. occidentalis, and L. macrotis from Tai National Park, Ivory Coast.</p>
},
	url = {<Go to ISI>://PREV200100333602},
	author = {R{\"o}del, Mark-Oliver and Ernst, Raffael and Leistner, Gerhard and Fahr, Jakob}
}
@article {288,
	title = {Biodiversity hotspots for conservation priorities},
	journal = {Nature},
	volume = {403},
	year = {2000},
	month = {24 February 2000},
	pages = {853-858},
	author = {Myers, N. and Mittermeier, R.A. and Mittermeier, C.G. and da Fonseca, G.A.B. and Kent, J.}
}
@article {348,
	title = {Trilingual keys to the Savannah-Anurans of the Comoe National Park, Ivory Coast},
	journal = {Stuttgarter Beitraege zur Naturkunde Serie A (Biologie)},
	number = {620},
	year = {2000},
	month = {2000},
	pages = {1-31},
	abstract = {<p>We present keys to 33 species of West African savannah anurans. They are based on our investigations in the Comoe National Park, Ivory Coast. They allow the determination of nearly all savannah anurans from Senegal to Benin and Togo. Exceptions are only those species that are restricted to the southernmost parts of the Guinea- and the very dry areas of the Sudan savannah. We have developed separate keys to adult frogs, tadpoles and spawn. The keys are thought to be mainly used under field conditions. We therefore only use characters that are visible on the living animal.</p>
},
	url = {<Go to ISI>://PREV200100341661},
	author = {R{\"o}del, Mark-Oliver and Spieler, Marko}
}
@article {275,
	title = {Advertisement calls of Bufo camerunensis, Chiromantis rufescens, Dimorphognathus africanus, and Phyrnobatrachus auritus, from Equatorial Guinea (Central Africa)},
	journal = {Herpetological Journal},
	volume = {10},
	year = {2000},
	pages = {41-44},
	author = {M{\'a}rquez, R.}
}
@article {1524,
	title = {Amphibian Species of the World: an online reference. V2.20 (1 September 2000).},
	year = {2000},
	url = {http://research.amnh.org/ herpetology/ amphibia/index.html.}
}
@article {1525,
	title = {Amphibian Species of the World: an online reference. V2.20 (1 September 2000).},
	year = {2000},
	url = {http://research.amnh.org/ herpetology/ amphibia/index.html.}
}
@article {2598,
	title = {A checklist of amphibians and reptiles of Western Sahara (Amphibia, Reptilia)},
	journal = {Herpetozoa},
	year = {2000},
	pages = {149-163},
	author = {P. Geniez and J.A. Mateo and J. Bons}
}
@book {329,
	title = {Herpetofauna of West Africa},
	volume = {I},
	year = {2000},
	publisher = {Chiaira},
	organization = {Chiaira},
	address = {Frankfurt, Germany},
	author = {R{\"o}del, Mark-Oliver}
}
@book {1091,
	title = {Herpetofauna of West Africa},
	volume = {Vol. I Amphibians of the West African Savanna},
	year = {2000},
	publisher = {Edition Chimaira},
	organization = {Edition Chimaira},
	address = {Frankfurt am Main},
	author = {R{\"o}del, Mark-Oliver}
}
@article {2359,
	title = {Les Alexteroon du Cameroun (Amphibia, Anura, Hyperoliidae).},
	journal = {Alytes. Paris},
	volume = {17},
	year = {2000},
	pages = {125-164},
	author = {J.-L. Amiet}
}
@article {1339,
	title = {Mitochondrial DNA divergence in southern African Bufo: Are species equivalent entities?},
	journal = {African Journal of Herpetology},
	volume = {49},
	year = {2000},
	pages = {9-22},
	author = {Cunningham, M and Cherry, Michael I.}
}
