@article {1503, title = {Bufo vertebralis: diet.}, journal = {African Herp News}, year = {2002}, pages = {17-18}, author = {Bates, M.F. and Irish, E.} } @article {1507, title = {The distribution of Amietia vertebralis (Hewitt 1927) (Anura: Ranidae), with comments on its taxonomic and conservation status.}, journal = {Navorsinge van die Nasionale Museum, Bloemfontein}, volume = {18}, year = {2002}, pages = {77-94}, author = {Bates, M.F.} } @book {1094, title = {Field guide to the amphibians and reptiles of Arusha National Park (Tanzania)}, year = {2002}, publisher = {Pubblinova Edizioni Negri and Istituto OIKOS}, organization = {Pubblinova Edizioni Negri and Istituto OIKOS}, address = {Varese (Italy)}, author = {Razzetti, E. and Msuya, C.A.} } @article {2453, title = {A new stream frog from Tanzania (Anura: Ranidae: Strongylopus).}, journal = {African Journal of Herpetology}, volume = {51}, year = {2002}, pages = {135-142}, author = {Channing, A. and Davenport, T.R.} } @article {317, title = {Combined evidence and cladistic relationships of West Indian toads (Anura: Bufonidae)}, journal = {Herpetological Monographs.(16)}, year = {2002}, pages = {121-151}, abstract = {Previous systematic studies of the Bufo peltocephalus Group based on morphology and one on molecular data support the monophyly of this lineage of West Indian toads. Herein, additional phylogenetic evidence supporting the monophyly of the group is presented. Osteological, external morphological, and DNA sequence data were examined and combined to estimate the phylogenetic relationships of the West Indian B. peltocephalus Group (B. cataulaciceps, B. empusus, B. fluviaticus, B. peltocephalus, B. fustiger, B. guentheri, B. gundlachi, B. longinasus, B. lemur, and B. taladai). To assess the hypothesis of monophyly and estimate the placement of these species within Bufo, parsimony analyses including proposed close relatives and a taxonomically diverse sample of congeners were conducted. The nearest relatives of the West Indian toads appear to be the Bufo granulosus Group from South America.}, url = {file://localhost/Users/breda/Desktop/Literature/P/Pramuk\%20etal\%202001.pdf}, author = {Pramuk, Jennifer B.} } @article {333, title = {Herpetological survey in the Volta region, Eastern Ghana}, year = {2002}, pages = {1-32}, url = {file://localhost/Users/breda/Desktop/Literature/R/Ro\%CC\%88del,\%20M.-O.pdf}, author = {R{\"o}del, Mark-Oliver and A.C. Agyei} } @article {334, title = {Herpetological survey of the Haute Dod and Cavally forests, western Ivory Coast, Part I: Amphibians}, journal = {Salamandra}, volume = {38}, number = {4}, year = {2002}, pages = {245-268}, author = {R{\"o}del, Mark-Oliver and Branch, W.R.} } @article {123, title = {A new snout-burrower from the Barotse floodplain (Anura: Hemisotidae: Hemisus)}, journal = {Journal of Herpetology}, volume = {36}, number = {3}, year = {2002}, month = {September, 2002}, pages = {367-372}, abstract = {A new species of Hemisus is described from the Barotse floodplain, Zambia. The advertisement call of this species differs in pulse structure from all other known species of Hemisus. This cryptic species is similar to Hemisus guineensis and Hemisus marmoratus but can be separated from these by differences in body proportions.}, url = {://PREV200200573028}, author = {Channing, Alan and Broadley, Donald G.} } @article {107, title = {A new species of Cacosternum Boulenger, 1887 (Anura: Ranidae) from the Karoo region of South Africa}, journal = {Journal of Herpetology}, volume = {36}, number = {3}, year = {2002}, month = {September, 2002}, pages = {333-341}, abstract = {

A new ranid frog of the genus Cacosternum Boulenger, 1887 is described from the semiarid Karoo region of South Africa. This species is the putative sister species of Cacosternum namaquense Werner, 1910, but differs in that the two characteristic longitudinal dorsal glands of the latter species are absent and the musculus cutaneous pectoris is present. The two species differ further in their advertisement calls and substratum preferences. A discussion of the ecology and breeding biology of the two species is presented and their distributions mapped. Observational data suggest that growth to metamorphosis is rapid in these arid-adapted frogs, which are cued to breed primarily by rainfall events, not temperature or seasonality.

}, url = {://PREV200200573010}, author = {Boycott, Richard C. and de Villiers, Atherton L. and Scott, Elizabeth} } @article {383, title = {Longitudinal sliding articulations in pipid frogs}, journal = {South African Journal of Science}, volume = {98}, number = {11-12}, year = {2002}, month = {November-Decembe}, pages = {555-556}, abstract = {THE FUSED SACRUM AND UROSTYLE OF THE pipid frog Xenopus laevis is a familiar object. It has, for instance, been found at archaeological sites and used to identify the animal in the gut contents or excreta of predators. Yet it exhibits a striking feature which appears to have been mentioned or illustrated very rarely, namely, fluted articulating facets. The fluting, in the longitudinal direction, limits lateral turning and vertical bending between vertebrae. Longitudinal movement also occurs between the ilia and the sacral vertebra, but investigations in the latter half of the twentieth century have not included documentation of earlier work, nor reference to longitudinal fluting of vertebral articulations. In this account, previously unconnected data on the functional anatomy of this familiar animal and its fossil relatives on both sides of the South Atlantic are brought together, and taxonomic implications are indicated.}, url = {file://localhost/Users/breda/Desktop/Literature/V/vanDijk\%201998.pdf}, author = {van Dijk, D. Eduard} } @article {147, title = {A molecular phylogeny of the frog genus Tomopterna in southern Africa: Examining species boundaries with mitochondrial 12S rRNA sequence data}, journal = {Molecular Phylogenetics and Evolution}, volume = {22}, number = {3}, year = {2002}, month = {March, 2002}, pages = {407-413}, abstract = {Frogs of the genus Tomopterna occur throughout sub-Saharan Africa. Previous work has shown that there are seven cryptic species, which occupy diverse habitats from grasslands to deserts. The current paper proposes a phylogeny of Tomopterna based on partial sequences of the mitochondrial 12S rRNA gene. A gene tree for the genus, including all seven named species and three undescribed species which were discovered during the course of this study, is presented.}, url = {://PREV200200255151}, author = {Dawood, Abeda and Channing, Alan and Bogart, James P.} } @article {405, title = {The effect of miniaturized body size on skeletal morphology in frogs}, journal = {Evolution}, volume = {56}, number = {3}, year = {2002}, month = {March}, pages = {628-641}, abstract = {Miniaturization has evolved numerous times and reached impressive extremes in the Anura. I compared the skeletons of miniature frog species to those of closely related larger species to assess patterns of morphological change, sampling 129 species from 12 families. Two types of morphological data were examined: (1) qualitative data on bone presence and absence; and (2) thin-plate spline morphometric descriptions of skull structure and bone shape. Phylogenetic comparative methods were used to address the shared history of species. Miniature anurans were more likely to lose skull bones and phalangeal elements of the limbs. Their skulls also showed consistent differences compared to those of their larger relatives, including relatively larger braincases and sensory capsules, verticalization of lateral elements, rostral displacement of the jaw joint, and reduction of some skull elements. These features are explained by functional constraints and by paedomorphosis. Variation among lineages in the morphological response to miniaturization was also explored. Certain lineages appear to be unusually resistant to the morphological trends that characterize miniature frogs as a whole. This study represents the first large-scale examination of morphology and miniaturization across a major, diverse group of organisms conducted in a phylogenetic framework and with statistical rigor.}, keywords = {development, miniaturization, Phrynobatrachus}, url = {file://localhost/Users/breda/Desktop/Literature/Y/Yeh2002.pdf}, author = {Yeh, Jennifer} } @article {338, title = {A new reproductive mode for the genus Phrynobatrachus: Phrynobatrachus alticola has nonfeeding, nonhatching tadpoles}, journal = {Journal of Herpetology}, volume = {36}, number = {1}, year = {2002}, month = {March}, pages = {121-125}, author = {R{\"o}del, Mark-Oliver and R. Ernst} } @article {146, title = {Description of a new cryptic species of African sand frog, Tomopterna damarensis (Anura: Ranidae), from Namibia}, journal = {African Journal of Herpetology}, volume = {51}, number = {2}, year = {2002}, month = {December 2002}, pages = {129-134}, abstract = {

Sand frogs of the African genus Tomopterna Dumeril and Bibron, 1841 comprise seven described cryptic species. In this paper we describe a new species from Khorixas, north west Namibia. It is considered a distinct form based on the advertisement call, morphology and mitochondrial DNA sequences.

}, author = {Dawood, Abeda and Channing, Alan} } @article {133, title = {Description of a new torrent frog in the genus Arthroleptides from Tanzania (Amphibia, Anura, Ranidae)}, journal = {Alytes (Paris)}, volume = {20}, number = {1-2}, year = {2002}, month = {December 2002}, pages = {13-27}, abstract = {A new torrent frog in the genus Arthroleptides is described from the Udzungwa and Uluguru mountains in Tanzania. It is distinguished from the previously known species, A. dutoiti and A. martiensseni, by its large size, non-thickened supratympanic ridge, and more extensive webbing. A key to the three species in this endemic East African genus is presented.}, url = {://PREV200300136788}, author = {Channing, Alan and Moyer, David C. and Howell, Kim M.} } @article {136, title = {A new tree toad from the Ukaguru Mountains, Tanzania}, journal = {African Journal of Herpetology}, volume = {51}, number = {2}, year = {2002}, month = {December 2002}, pages = {121-128}, abstract = {

A new bufonid from the Ukaguru Mountains, Tanzania is described. We erect a new genus to accommodate this taxon. It is a large tree toad with well-developed discs and an omosternum, but lacks parotid glands, tympanum and columella.

}, author = {Channing, A. and Stanley, W. T.} } @article {337, title = {A new Phrynobatrachus from the Upper Guinean rain forest, West Africa, including a description of a new reproductive mode for the genus}, journal = {Journal of Herpetology}, volume = {36}, number = {4}, year = {2002}, month = {December}, pages = {561-571}, abstract = {

We describe a new species of Phrynobatrachus from the Western part of the Upper Guinean rain forest, West Africa. Phrynobatrachus phyllophilus sp. nov. differs from all other known West African Phrynobatrachus by a combination of morphological and acoustical characters. It is most similar to Phrynobatrachus guineensis from which P. phyllophilus is distinguished by its almost white belly, presence of only one dark bar on femur and tibia, shape of the thumb in reproductive males, advertisement call, reproductive mode, and selection of different forest types. Phrynobatrachus phyllophilus is the first known species of the genus that deposits small clutches of eggs rich in yolk on leaves, in close vicinity to extremely small puddles on the forest floor. Its preferred habitats are swampy areas of primary rain forest. We also describe the tadpole of P. phyllophilus and the advertisement call of P. guineensis.

}, author = {R{\"o}del, Mark-Oliver and R. Ernst} } @article {344, title = {The tadpole of Ptychadena aequiplicata (Werner, 1898) with the description of a new reproductive mode for the genus (Amphibia, Anura, Ranidae)}, journal = {Alytes (Paris)}, volume = {20}, number = {1-2}, year = {2002}, month = {December}, pages = {1-12}, abstract = {

We describe the tadpole of Ptychadena aequiplicata (Werner, 1898) based on specimens from Tai National Park, Ivory Coast. Compared to other tadpoles of the genus it is unique by its bicoloured body, posterior part lighter than anterior one. Ptychadena aequiplicata is restricted to closed forest habitats. It has a reproductive behaviour unique to the genus. Clutches of numerous females were communally deposited on the forest floor, between leaves and small plants. Spawning sites were always situated at the edges of dried up ponds. Pre-hatching time was variable. Tadpoles still hatched two weeks after oviposition. In some specimens development continued in the large eggs up to Gosner stage 28. Developmental time from hatching to metamorphosis was less than two weeks. We regard this developmental mode as an adaptation to the surprisingly high desiccation risks of the forest ponds in Tai National Park.

}, author = {R{\"o}del, Mark-Oliver and Kraetz, Daniel and Ernst, Raffael} } @article {404, title = {A molecular phylogenetic analysis of the family Rhacophoridae with an emphasis on the Asian and African genera}, journal = {Molecular Phylogenetics and Evolution}, volume = {24}, number = {2}, year = {2002}, month = {August, 2002}, pages = {265-273}, abstract = {Using characters from mitochondrial DNA to construct maximum parsimony and maximum likelihood trees, we performed a phylogenetic analysis on representative species of 14 genera: 12 that belong to the treefrog family Rhacophoridae and two, Amolops and Rana, that are not rhacophorids. Our results support a phylogenetic hypothesis that depicts a monophyletic family Rhacophoridae. In this family, the Malagasy genera Aglyptodactylus, Boophis, Mantella, and Mantidactylus form a well-supported sister clade to all other rhacophorid genera, and Mantella is the sister taxon to Mantidactylus. Within the Asian/African genera, the genus Buergeria forms a well-supported clade of four species. The genera, except for Chirixalus, are generally monophyletic. An exception to this is that Polypedates dennysii clusters with species of Rhacophorus, suggesting that the taxonomy of the rhacophorids should be revised to reflect this relationship. Chirixalus is not monophyletic. Unexpectedly, there is strong support for Chirixalus doriae from Southeast Asia forming a clade with species of the African genus Chiromantis, suggesting that Chiromantis dispersed to Africa from Asia. Also, there is strong support for the sister taxon relationship of Chirixalus eiffingeri and Chirixalus idiootocus apart from other congeners.}, url = {://PREV200200546991}, author = {Wilkinson, Jeffery A. and Drewes, R. C. and Tatum, Owatha L.} } @article {340, title = {A review of West African spotted Kassina, including a description of Kassina schioetzi sp. nov. (Amphibia: Anura: Hyperoliidae)}, journal = {Copeia}, volume = {2002}, number = {3}, year = {2002}, month = {August 15, 2002}, pages = {800-814}, abstract = {

Based on museum specimens, field records, and morphological, acoustical, and geographical analyses, we resurrect the species status of Kassina arboricola Perret, 1985 and redefine Kassina cochranae (Loveridge, 1941). Additionally, we describe Kassina schioetzi sp. nov., a hitherto overlooked species. This species differs from K. cochranae and K. arboricola in several morphological features, especially the shape of the male gular flap, and its very short, tonal advertisement call. All three species are associated with forest habitats. Kassina schioetzi lives in wooded parts of the Guinea savanna of Ivory Coast and a single mountainous locality in eastern Guinea. Kassina cochranae occurs from western Ivory Coast to eastern Sierra Leone; K. arboricola occurs from Ghana to western Ivory Coast. At two localities, K. schioetzi occurs in syntopy with K. arboricola, and at another locality with K. cochranae. A key to all West African Kassina species is provided.

}, url = {://PREV200200524909}, author = {R{\"o}del, Mark-Oliver and Grafe, T. Ulmar and Rudolf, Volker H. W. and Ernst, Raffael} } @article {131, title = {Cryptic species of sharp-nosed reed frogs in the Hyperolius nasutus complex: Advertisement call differences}, journal = {African Zoology}, volume = {37}, number = {1}, year = {2002}, month = {April, 2002}, pages = {91-99}, abstract = {

The sharp-nosed reed frog is widespread in Africa. Although currently recognized as one species, suggestions have been made that more than one species might exist. We analysed 237 calls of 69 males from 19 localities in the western to southern parts of Africa. Calls fall into three groups, which we recognize as cryptic species. Of eight published sound spectrograms, all can be assigned to one of the three species. We recognize Hyperolius nasutus, distributed from western Africa to the Okavango Delta in Botswana; Hyperolius viridis, from the central highlands of northwestern Zambia to southern Tanzania; and Hyperolius acuticeps which occurs from the Ivory Coast to the southeastern coast of South Africa. We assign published names to the synonymies of these three species. No call data are available for populations in the Congo basin.

}, url = {://PREV200200447643}, author = {Channing, Alan and Moyer, David and Burger, Marius} }